Male
moderate
confidence
Category: Universities
Salary Information
   Historical salary and taxable benefits from 1996 to 2024
YEAR | POSITION | SALARY | BENEFITS | RAISE | SalaryTotalRank | SalaryTotalOutOf | SalaryCategoryRank | SalaryCategoryOutOf | SalaryEmployerRank | SalaryEmployerOutOf | SalaryPositionRank | SalaryPositionOutOf | RaiseTotalRank | RaiseTotalOutOf | RaiseCategoryRank | RaiseCategoryOutOf | RaiseEmployerRank | RaiseEmployerOutOf | RaisePositionRank | RaisePositionOutOf | SalaryGenderTotalRank | SalaryGenderTotalOutOf | SalaryGenderCategoryRank | SalaryGenderCategoryOutOf | SalaryGenderEmployerRank | SalaryGenderEmployerOutOf | SalaryGenderPositionRank | SalaryGenderPositionOutOf | RaiseGenderTotalRank | RaiseGenderTotalOutOf | RaiseGenderCategoryRank | RaiseGenderCategoryOutOf | RaiseGenderEmployerRank | RaiseGenderEmployerOutOf | RaiseGenderPositionRank | RaiseGenderPositionOutOf | MostRecentPositionId | EmployerId | CategoryId | CATEGORY | POSITION_URL |
2024 | Professor | 219570.84 | 517.20 | 0.02650 | 10530 | 377666 | 3993 | 29163 | 286 | 1818 | 1115 | 9820 | 175758 | 252117 | 16654 | 23232 | 976 | 1427 | 4033 | 8635 | 6622 | 166846 | 2667 | 15520 | 204 | 995 | 824 | 5753 | 79393 | 115815 | 8999 | 12792 | 419 | 802 | 2445 | 5132 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2023 | Professor | 213901.51 | 501.36 | -0.03340 | 9654 | 300570 | 3473 | 26232 | 286 | 1661 | 964 | 9537 | 202421 | 222398 | 19517 | 21153 | 1283 | 1390 | 7562 | 7920 | 6053 | 138237 | 2338 | 14306 | 202 | 920 | 734 | 5649 | 94018 | 106323 | 10963 | 11871 | 627 | 787 | 4556 | 4783 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2022 | Professor | 221301.64 | 449.20 | 0.02990 | 6648 | 266903 | 2146 | 24067 | 201 | 1536 | 535 | 8165 | 85261 | 206301 | 10149 | 19316 | 723 | 1316 | 2586 | 7188 | 4140 | 125191 | 1472 | 13356 | 142 | 852 | 415 | 4932 | 46197 | 100813 | 5626 | 11018 | 326 | 743 | 1516 | 4362 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2021 | Professor | 214881.64 | 392.40 | 0.04620 | 6783 | 244390 | 2231 | 23096 | 209 | 1437 | 603 | 8091 | 43349 | 172444 | 6287 | 20236 | 408 | 1283 | 1293 | 7390 | 4209 | 117238 | 1536 | 13028 | 146 | 802 | 467 | 4912 | 25095 | 91662 | 3356 | 11649 | 207 | 738 | 772 | 4561 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2020 | Professor | 205388.77 | 347.95 | 0.03300 | 7559 | 205606 | 2578 | 22020 | 234 | 1425 | 715 | 7856 | 69961 | 142554 | 9838 | 19085 | 752 | 1192 | 3138 | 6972 | 4784 | 105147 | 1785 | 12555 | 159 | 807 | 551 | 4804 | 39164 | 81615 | 5395 | 11150 | 335 | 694 | 1876 | 4321 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2019 | Professor | 198831.23 | 272.16 | 0.03600 | 7644 | 167098 | 2713 | 20673 | 245 | 1300 | 854 | 8499 | 47198 | 121172 | 9686 | 17973 | 587 | 1153 | 2637 | 7684 | 4889 | 93688 | 1913 | 12010 | 177 | 752 | 654 | 5217 | 28458 | 71080 | 5416 | 10664 | 288 | 680 | 1615 | 4784 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2018 | Professor | 191913.28 | 217.68 | 0.03670 | 7880 | 151375 | 2779 | 19601 | 248 | 1256 | 800 | 7181 | 43565 | 113027 | 8718 | 17047 | 567 | 1099 | 1727 | 3511 | 5109 | 87380 | 2003 | 11605 | 185 | 740 | 630 | 4496 | 26489 | 68743 | 5078 | 10288 | 286 | 652 | 1125 | 2415 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2017 | Professor | 185116.23 | 227.13 | 0.03690 | 8164 | 131909 | 2989 | 18616 | 262 | 1203 | 838 | 3607 | 35341 | 100244 | 6583 | 16323 | 555 | 1064 | 987 | 3448 | 5425 | 78517 | 2192 | 11166 | 202 | 711 | 659 | 2493 | 22620 | 62168 | 3835 | 9976 | 294 | 647 | 685 | 2395 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2016 | Professor | 178534.82 | 227.15 | -- | 8894 | 124282 | 3361 | 17948 | 279 | 1150 | 936 | 6033 | | | | | | | | | 5950 | 74361 | 2461 | 10916 | 211 | 697 | 735 | 3893 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2014 | Professor | 165246.42 | 174.72 | 0.03070 | 10735 | 111510 | 3658 | 16375 | 272 | 1063 | 1025 | 4781 | 40199 | 82722 | 8513 | 14453 | 497 | 947 | 2059 | 4180 | 7366 | 70562 | 2704 | 10173 | 214 | 656 | 812 | 3107 | 26438 | 53840 | 5281 | 9164 | 256 | 603 | 1375 | 2777 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2013 | Professor / Associate Professor | 160328.55 | 174.72 | 0.03400 | 11435 | 97944 | 3730 | 15650 | 293 | 1032 | 1 | 3 | 26224 | 74097 | 7214 | 12660 | 495 | 929 | 2 | 3 | 7997 | 62824 | 2769 | 9811 | 233 | 648 | 1 | 3 | 17744 | 47910 | 4552 | 8124 | 285 | 597 | 2 | 3 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2012 | Professor / Associate Professor | 155056.80 | 174.72 | 0.07020 | 11738 | 88687 | 3816 | 14716 | 312 | 1015 | 1 | 3 | 11190 | 67151 | 2583 | 12653 | 166 | 903 | 1 | 3 | 8151 | 56412 | 2840 | 9368 | 244 | 646 | 1 | 2 | 7867 | 43737 | 1616 | 8275 | 103 | 593 | 1 | 2 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2011 | Professor / Associate Professor | 144891.70 | 194.04 | 0.08220 | 14185 | 79586 | 4642 | 13820 | 375 | 967 | 1 | 2 | 7818 | 59927 | 2017 | 11934 | 118 | 866 | 1 | 2 | 10008 | 51239 | 3438 | 8983 | 290 | 630 | 1 | 1 | 5577 | 39945 | 1314 | 7956 | 74 | 580 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2010 | Professor / Associate Professor | 133882.44 | 213.36 | 0.06220 | 18276 | 71571 | 5607 | 12853 | 470 | 928 | 1 | 2 | 10936 | 52975 | 2947 | 10948 | 244 | 824 | 1 | 2 | 13024 | 47067 | 4110 | 8512 | 351 | 620 | 1 | 1 | 7767 | 35241 | 2013 | 7427 | 151 | 562 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2009 | Associate Professor | 126048.16 | 233.79 | 0.06490 | 21759 | 64132 | 6173 | 11908 | 491 | 883 | 716 | 2250 | 13916 | 44977 | 3030 | 9229 | 270 | 748 | 551 | 1628 | 15542 | 42354 | 4495 | 8024 | 356 | 600 | 476 | 1446 | 9617 | 30662 | 2072 | 6317 | 159 | 518 | 351 | 1052 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2008 | Associate Professor | 118361.58 | 271.55 | 0.07620 | 23826 | 53802 | 6408 | 10472 | 500 | 793 | 765 | 1814 | 9374 | 34827 | 1931 | 8279 | 182 | 645 | 279 | 1261 | 17055 | 36275 | 4679 | 7187 | 362 | 551 | 522 | 1171 | 6514 | 24174 | 1387 | 5886 | 100 | 453 | 208 | 845 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2007 | Associate Professor | 109977.84 | 283.70 | 0.08120 | 26926 | 42760 | 7167 | 9417 | 563 | 733 | 930 | 1521 | 6849 | 28149 | 2168 | 6925 | 132 | 575 | 379 | 865 | 19354 | 29572 | 5213 | 6601 | 410 | 515 | 620 | 1000 | 5118 | 20214 | 1588 | 5060 | 77 | 423 | 264 | 618 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2006 | Associate Professor | 101722.44 | 293.20 | -- | 31425 | 34108 | 7520 | 7867 | 590 | 625 | 1006 | 1087 | | | | | | | | | 22052 | 23859 | 5426 | 5643 | 429 | 456 | 698 | 749 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
Ranking Information
   Each year's salary and raise is compared against various peer groups on the sunshine list
2024 Ranking of $219,571 in Salary
Overall
10,530 out of 377,666 /
97th percentile
Category
3,993 out of 29,163 /
86th percentile
Employer
286 out of 1,818 /
84th percentile
Position
1,115 out of 9,820 /
89th percentile
2024 Ranking of 2.6% Raise from 2023 to 2024
Overall
175,758 out of 252,117 /
30th percentile
Category
16,654 out of 23,232 /
28th percentile
Employer
976 out of 1,427 /
32nd percentile
Position
4,033 out of 8,635 /
53rd percentile
Ranking information by year
YEAR | POSITION | SALARY | BENEFITS | RAISE | SalaryTotalRank | SalaryTotalOutOf | SalaryCategoryRank | SalaryCategoryOutOf | SalaryEmployerRank | SalaryEmployerOutOf | SalaryPositionRank | SalaryPositionOutOf | RaiseTotalRank | RaiseTotalOutOf | RaiseCategoryRank | RaiseCategoryOutOf | RaiseEmployerRank | RaiseEmployerOutOf | RaisePositionRank | RaisePositionOutOf | SalaryGenderTotalRank | SalaryGenderTotalOutOf | SalaryGenderCategoryRank | SalaryGenderCategoryOutOf | SalaryGenderEmployerRank | SalaryGenderEmployerOutOf | SalaryGenderPositionRank | SalaryGenderPositionOutOf | RaiseGenderTotalRank | RaiseGenderTotalOutOf | RaiseGenderCategoryRank | RaiseGenderCategoryOutOf | RaiseGenderEmployerRank | RaiseGenderEmployerOutOf | RaiseGenderPositionRank | RaiseGenderPositionOutOf | MostRecentPositionId | EmployerId | CategoryId | CATEGORY | POSITION_URL |
2024 | Professor | 219570.84 | 517.20 | 0.02650 | 10530 | 377666 | 3993 | 29163 | 286 | 1818 | 1115 | 9820 | 175758 | 252117 | 16654 | 23232 | 976 | 1427 | 4033 | 8635 | 6622 | 166846 | 2667 | 15520 | 204 | 995 | 824 | 5753 | 79393 | 115815 | 8999 | 12792 | 419 | 802 | 2445 | 5132 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2023 | Professor | 213901.51 | 501.36 | -0.03340 | 9654 | 300570 | 3473 | 26232 | 286 | 1661 | 964 | 9537 | 202421 | 222398 | 19517 | 21153 | 1283 | 1390 | 7562 | 7920 | 6053 | 138237 | 2338 | 14306 | 202 | 920 | 734 | 5649 | 94018 | 106323 | 10963 | 11871 | 627 | 787 | 4556 | 4783 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2022 | Professor | 221301.64 | 449.20 | 0.02990 | 6648 | 266903 | 2146 | 24067 | 201 | 1536 | 535 | 8165 | 85261 | 206301 | 10149 | 19316 | 723 | 1316 | 2586 | 7188 | 4140 | 125191 | 1472 | 13356 | 142 | 852 | 415 | 4932 | 46197 | 100813 | 5626 | 11018 | 326 | 743 | 1516 | 4362 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2021 | Professor | 214881.64 | 392.40 | 0.04620 | 6783 | 244390 | 2231 | 23096 | 209 | 1437 | 603 | 8091 | 43349 | 172444 | 6287 | 20236 | 408 | 1283 | 1293 | 7390 | 4209 | 117238 | 1536 | 13028 | 146 | 802 | 467 | 4912 | 25095 | 91662 | 3356 | 11649 | 207 | 738 | 772 | 4561 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2020 | Professor | 205388.77 | 347.95 | 0.03300 | 7559 | 205606 | 2578 | 22020 | 234 | 1425 | 715 | 7856 | 69961 | 142554 | 9838 | 19085 | 752 | 1192 | 3138 | 6972 | 4784 | 105147 | 1785 | 12555 | 159 | 807 | 551 | 4804 | 39164 | 81615 | 5395 | 11150 | 335 | 694 | 1876 | 4321 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2019 | Professor | 198831.23 | 272.16 | 0.03600 | 7644 | 167098 | 2713 | 20673 | 245 | 1300 | 854 | 8499 | 47198 | 121172 | 9686 | 17973 | 587 | 1153 | 2637 | 7684 | 4889 | 93688 | 1913 | 12010 | 177 | 752 | 654 | 5217 | 28458 | 71080 | 5416 | 10664 | 288 | 680 | 1615 | 4784 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2018 | Professor | 191913.28 | 217.68 | 0.03670 | 7880 | 151375 | 2779 | 19601 | 248 | 1256 | 800 | 7181 | 43565 | 113027 | 8718 | 17047 | 567 | 1099 | 1727 | 3511 | 5109 | 87380 | 2003 | 11605 | 185 | 740 | 630 | 4496 | 26489 | 68743 | 5078 | 10288 | 286 | 652 | 1125 | 2415 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2017 | Professor | 185116.23 | 227.13 | 0.03690 | 8164 | 131909 | 2989 | 18616 | 262 | 1203 | 838 | 3607 | 35341 | 100244 | 6583 | 16323 | 555 | 1064 | 987 | 3448 | 5425 | 78517 | 2192 | 11166 | 202 | 711 | 659 | 2493 | 22620 | 62168 | 3835 | 9976 | 294 | 647 | 685 | 2395 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2016 | Professor | 178534.82 | 227.15 | -- | 8894 | 124282 | 3361 | 17948 | 279 | 1150 | 936 | 6033 | | | | | | | | | 5950 | 74361 | 2461 | 10916 | 211 | 697 | 735 | 3893 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2014 | Professor | 165246.42 | 174.72 | 0.03070 | 10735 | 111510 | 3658 | 16375 | 272 | 1063 | 1025 | 4781 | 40199 | 82722 | 8513 | 14453 | 497 | 947 | 2059 | 4180 | 7366 | 70562 | 2704 | 10173 | 214 | 656 | 812 | 3107 | 26438 | 53840 | 5281 | 9164 | 256 | 603 | 1375 | 2777 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2013 | Professor / Associate Professor | 160328.55 | 174.72 | 0.03400 | 11435 | 97944 | 3730 | 15650 | 293 | 1032 | 1 | 3 | 26224 | 74097 | 7214 | 12660 | 495 | 929 | 2 | 3 | 7997 | 62824 | 2769 | 9811 | 233 | 648 | 1 | 3 | 17744 | 47910 | 4552 | 8124 | 285 | 597 | 2 | 3 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2012 | Professor / Associate Professor | 155056.80 | 174.72 | 0.07020 | 11738 | 88687 | 3816 | 14716 | 312 | 1015 | 1 | 3 | 11190 | 67151 | 2583 | 12653 | 166 | 903 | 1 | 3 | 8151 | 56412 | 2840 | 9368 | 244 | 646 | 1 | 2 | 7867 | 43737 | 1616 | 8275 | 103 | 593 | 1 | 2 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2011 | Professor / Associate Professor | 144891.70 | 194.04 | 0.08220 | 14185 | 79586 | 4642 | 13820 | 375 | 967 | 1 | 2 | 7818 | 59927 | 2017 | 11934 | 118 | 866 | 1 | 2 | 10008 | 51239 | 3438 | 8983 | 290 | 630 | 1 | 1 | 5577 | 39945 | 1314 | 7956 | 74 | 580 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2010 | Professor / Associate Professor | 133882.44 | 213.36 | 0.06220 | 18276 | 71571 | 5607 | 12853 | 470 | 928 | 1 | 2 | 10936 | 52975 | 2947 | 10948 | 244 | 824 | 1 | 2 | 13024 | 47067 | 4110 | 8512 | 351 | 620 | 1 | 1 | 7767 | 35241 | 2013 | 7427 | 151 | 562 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2009 | Associate Professor | 126048.16 | 233.79 | 0.06490 | 21759 | 64132 | 6173 | 11908 | 491 | 883 | 716 | 2250 | 13916 | 44977 | 3030 | 9229 | 270 | 748 | 551 | 1628 | 15542 | 42354 | 4495 | 8024 | 356 | 600 | 476 | 1446 | 9617 | 30662 | 2072 | 6317 | 159 | 518 | 351 | 1052 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2008 | Associate Professor | 118361.58 | 271.55 | 0.07620 | 23826 | 53802 | 6408 | 10472 | 500 | 793 | 765 | 1814 | 9374 | 34827 | 1931 | 8279 | 182 | 645 | 279 | 1261 | 17055 | 36275 | 4679 | 7187 | 362 | 551 | 522 | 1171 | 6514 | 24174 | 1387 | 5886 | 100 | 453 | 208 | 845 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2007 | Associate Professor | 109977.84 | 283.70 | 0.08120 | 26926 | 42760 | 7167 | 9417 | 563 | 733 | 930 | 1521 | 6849 | 28149 | 2168 | 6925 | 132 | 575 | 379 | 865 | 19354 | 29572 | 5213 | 6601 | 410 | 515 | 620 | 1000 | 5118 | 20214 | 1588 | 5060 | 77 | 423 | 264 | 618 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2006 | Associate Professor | 101722.44 | 293.20 | -- | 31425 | 34108 | 7520 | 7867 | 590 | 625 | 1006 | 1087 | | | | | | | | | 22052 | 23859 | 5426 | 5643 | 429 | 456 | 698 | 749 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
YEAR | POSITION | SALARY | BENEFITS | RAISE | SalaryTotalRank | SalaryTotalOutOf | SalaryCategoryRank | SalaryCategoryOutOf | SalaryEmployerRank | SalaryEmployerOutOf | SalaryPositionRank | SalaryPositionOutOf | RaiseTotalRank | RaiseTotalOutOf | RaiseCategoryRank | RaiseCategoryOutOf | RaiseEmployerRank | RaiseEmployerOutOf | RaisePositionRank | RaisePositionOutOf | SalaryGenderTotalRank | SalaryGenderTotalOutOf | SalaryGenderCategoryRank | SalaryGenderCategoryOutOf | SalaryGenderEmployerRank | SalaryGenderEmployerOutOf | SalaryGenderPositionRank | SalaryGenderPositionOutOf | RaiseGenderTotalRank | RaiseGenderTotalOutOf | RaiseGenderCategoryRank | RaiseGenderCategoryOutOf | RaiseGenderEmployerRank | RaiseGenderEmployerOutOf | RaiseGenderPositionRank | RaiseGenderPositionOutOf | MostRecentPositionId | EmployerId | CategoryId | CATEGORY | POSITION_URL |
2024 | Professor | 219570.84 | 517.20 | 0.02650 | 10530 | 377666 | 3993 | 29163 | 286 | 1818 | 1115 | 9820 | 175758 | 252117 | 16654 | 23232 | 976 | 1427 | 4033 | 8635 | 6622 | 166846 | 2667 | 15520 | 204 | 995 | 824 | 5753 | 79393 | 115815 | 8999 | 12792 | 419 | 802 | 2445 | 5132 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2023 | Professor | 213901.51 | 501.36 | -0.03340 | 9654 | 300570 | 3473 | 26232 | 286 | 1661 | 964 | 9537 | 202421 | 222398 | 19517 | 21153 | 1283 | 1390 | 7562 | 7920 | 6053 | 138237 | 2338 | 14306 | 202 | 920 | 734 | 5649 | 94018 | 106323 | 10963 | 11871 | 627 | 787 | 4556 | 4783 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2022 | Professor | 221301.64 | 449.20 | 0.02990 | 6648 | 266903 | 2146 | 24067 | 201 | 1536 | 535 | 8165 | 85261 | 206301 | 10149 | 19316 | 723 | 1316 | 2586 | 7188 | 4140 | 125191 | 1472 | 13356 | 142 | 852 | 415 | 4932 | 46197 | 100813 | 5626 | 11018 | 326 | 743 | 1516 | 4362 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2021 | Professor | 214881.64 | 392.40 | 0.04620 | 6783 | 244390 | 2231 | 23096 | 209 | 1437 | 603 | 8091 | 43349 | 172444 | 6287 | 20236 | 408 | 1283 | 1293 | 7390 | 4209 | 117238 | 1536 | 13028 | 146 | 802 | 467 | 4912 | 25095 | 91662 | 3356 | 11649 | 207 | 738 | 772 | 4561 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2020 | Professor | 205388.77 | 347.95 | 0.03300 | 7559 | 205606 | 2578 | 22020 | 234 | 1425 | 715 | 7856 | 69961 | 142554 | 9838 | 19085 | 752 | 1192 | 3138 | 6972 | 4784 | 105147 | 1785 | 12555 | 159 | 807 | 551 | 4804 | 39164 | 81615 | 5395 | 11150 | 335 | 694 | 1876 | 4321 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2019 | Professor | 198831.23 | 272.16 | 0.03600 | 7644 | 167098 | 2713 | 20673 | 245 | 1300 | 854 | 8499 | 47198 | 121172 | 9686 | 17973 | 587 | 1153 | 2637 | 7684 | 4889 | 93688 | 1913 | 12010 | 177 | 752 | 654 | 5217 | 28458 | 71080 | 5416 | 10664 | 288 | 680 | 1615 | 4784 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2018 | Professor | 191913.28 | 217.68 | 0.03670 | 7880 | 151375 | 2779 | 19601 | 248 | 1256 | 800 | 7181 | 43565 | 113027 | 8718 | 17047 | 567 | 1099 | 1727 | 3511 | 5109 | 87380 | 2003 | 11605 | 185 | 740 | 630 | 4496 | 26489 | 68743 | 5078 | 10288 | 286 | 652 | 1125 | 2415 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2017 | Professor | 185116.23 | 227.13 | 0.03690 | 8164 | 131909 | 2989 | 18616 | 262 | 1203 | 838 | 3607 | 35341 | 100244 | 6583 | 16323 | 555 | 1064 | 987 | 3448 | 5425 | 78517 | 2192 | 11166 | 202 | 711 | 659 | 2493 | 22620 | 62168 | 3835 | 9976 | 294 | 647 | 685 | 2395 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2016 | Professor | 178534.82 | 227.15 | -- | 8894 | 124282 | 3361 | 17948 | 279 | 1150 | 936 | 6033 | | | | | | | | | 5950 | 74361 | 2461 | 10916 | 211 | 697 | 735 | 3893 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2014 | Professor | 165246.42 | 174.72 | 0.03070 | 10735 | 111510 | 3658 | 16375 | 272 | 1063 | 1025 | 4781 | 40199 | 82722 | 8513 | 14453 | 497 | 947 | 2059 | 4180 | 7366 | 70562 | 2704 | 10173 | 214 | 656 | 812 | 3107 | 26438 | 53840 | 5281 | 9164 | 256 | 603 | 1375 | 2777 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2013 | Professor / Associate Professor | 160328.55 | 174.72 | 0.03400 | 11435 | 97944 | 3730 | 15650 | 293 | 1032 | 1 | 3 | 26224 | 74097 | 7214 | 12660 | 495 | 929 | 2 | 3 | 7997 | 62824 | 2769 | 9811 | 233 | 648 | 1 | 3 | 17744 | 47910 | 4552 | 8124 | 285 | 597 | 2 | 3 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2012 | Professor / Associate Professor | 155056.80 | 174.72 | 0.07020 | 11738 | 88687 | 3816 | 14716 | 312 | 1015 | 1 | 3 | 11190 | 67151 | 2583 | 12653 | 166 | 903 | 1 | 3 | 8151 | 56412 | 2840 | 9368 | 244 | 646 | 1 | 2 | 7867 | 43737 | 1616 | 8275 | 103 | 593 | 1 | 2 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2011 | Professor / Associate Professor | 144891.70 | 194.04 | 0.08220 | 14185 | 79586 | 4642 | 13820 | 375 | 967 | 1 | 2 | 7818 | 59927 | 2017 | 11934 | 118 | 866 | 1 | 2 | 10008 | 51239 | 3438 | 8983 | 290 | 630 | 1 | 1 | 5577 | 39945 | 1314 | 7956 | 74 | 580 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2010 | Professor / Associate Professor | 133882.44 | 213.36 | 0.06220 | 18276 | 71571 | 5607 | 12853 | 470 | 928 | 1 | 2 | 10936 | 52975 | 2947 | 10948 | 244 | 824 | 1 | 2 | 13024 | 47067 | 4110 | 8512 | 351 | 620 | 1 | 1 | 7767 | 35241 | 2013 | 7427 | 151 | 562 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2009 | Associate Professor | 126048.16 | 233.79 | 0.06490 | 21759 | 64132 | 6173 | 11908 | 491 | 883 | 716 | 2250 | 13916 | 44977 | 3030 | 9229 | 270 | 748 | 551 | 1628 | 15542 | 42354 | 4495 | 8024 | 356 | 600 | 476 | 1446 | 9617 | 30662 | 2072 | 6317 | 159 | 518 | 351 | 1052 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2008 | Associate Professor | 118361.58 | 271.55 | 0.07620 | 23826 | 53802 | 6408 | 10472 | 500 | 793 | 765 | 1814 | 9374 | 34827 | 1931 | 8279 | 182 | 645 | 279 | 1261 | 17055 | 36275 | 4679 | 7187 | 362 | 551 | 522 | 1171 | 6514 | 24174 | 1387 | 5886 | 100 | 453 | 208 | 845 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2007 | Associate Professor | 109977.84 | 283.70 | 0.08120 | 26926 | 42760 | 7167 | 9417 | 563 | 733 | 930 | 1521 | 6849 | 28149 | 2168 | 6925 | 132 | 575 | 379 | 865 | 19354 | 29572 | 5213 | 6601 | 410 | 515 | 620 | 1000 | 5118 | 20214 | 1588 | 5060 | 77 | 423 | 264 | 618 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2006 | Associate Professor | 101722.44 | 293.20 | -- | 31425 | 34108 | 7520 | 7867 | 590 | 625 | 1006 | 1087 | | | | | | | | | 22052 | 23859 | 5426 | 5643 | 429 | 456 | 698 | 749 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
YEAR | POSITION | SALARY | BENEFITS | RAISE | SalaryTotalRank | SalaryTotalOutOf | SalaryCategoryRank | SalaryCategoryOutOf | SalaryEmployerRank | SalaryEmployerOutOf | SalaryPositionRank | SalaryPositionOutOf | RaiseTotalRank | RaiseTotalOutOf | RaiseCategoryRank | RaiseCategoryOutOf | RaiseEmployerRank | RaiseEmployerOutOf | RaisePositionRank | RaisePositionOutOf | SalaryGenderTotalRank | SalaryGenderTotalOutOf | SalaryGenderCategoryRank | SalaryGenderCategoryOutOf | SalaryGenderEmployerRank | SalaryGenderEmployerOutOf | SalaryGenderPositionRank | SalaryGenderPositionOutOf | RaiseGenderTotalRank | RaiseGenderTotalOutOf | RaiseGenderCategoryRank | RaiseGenderCategoryOutOf | RaiseGenderEmployerRank | RaiseGenderEmployerOutOf | RaiseGenderPositionRank | RaiseGenderPositionOutOf | MostRecentPositionId | EmployerId | CategoryId | CATEGORY | POSITION_URL |
2024 | Professor | 219570.84 | 517.20 | 0.02650 | 10530 | 377666 | 3993 | 29163 | 286 | 1818 | 1115 | 9820 | 175758 | 252117 | 16654 | 23232 | 976 | 1427 | 4033 | 8635 | 6622 | 166846 | 2667 | 15520 | 204 | 995 | 824 | 5753 | 79393 | 115815 | 8999 | 12792 | 419 | 802 | 2445 | 5132 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2023 | Professor | 213901.51 | 501.36 | -0.03340 | 9654 | 300570 | 3473 | 26232 | 286 | 1661 | 964 | 9537 | 202421 | 222398 | 19517 | 21153 | 1283 | 1390 | 7562 | 7920 | 6053 | 138237 | 2338 | 14306 | 202 | 920 | 734 | 5649 | 94018 | 106323 | 10963 | 11871 | 627 | 787 | 4556 | 4783 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2022 | Professor | 221301.64 | 449.20 | 0.02990 | 6648 | 266903 | 2146 | 24067 | 201 | 1536 | 535 | 8165 | 85261 | 206301 | 10149 | 19316 | 723 | 1316 | 2586 | 7188 | 4140 | 125191 | 1472 | 13356 | 142 | 852 | 415 | 4932 | 46197 | 100813 | 5626 | 11018 | 326 | 743 | 1516 | 4362 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2021 | Professor | 214881.64 | 392.40 | 0.04620 | 6783 | 244390 | 2231 | 23096 | 209 | 1437 | 603 | 8091 | 43349 | 172444 | 6287 | 20236 | 408 | 1283 | 1293 | 7390 | 4209 | 117238 | 1536 | 13028 | 146 | 802 | 467 | 4912 | 25095 | 91662 | 3356 | 11649 | 207 | 738 | 772 | 4561 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2020 | Professor | 205388.77 | 347.95 | 0.03300 | 7559 | 205606 | 2578 | 22020 | 234 | 1425 | 715 | 7856 | 69961 | 142554 | 9838 | 19085 | 752 | 1192 | 3138 | 6972 | 4784 | 105147 | 1785 | 12555 | 159 | 807 | 551 | 4804 | 39164 | 81615 | 5395 | 11150 | 335 | 694 | 1876 | 4321 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2019 | Professor | 198831.23 | 272.16 | 0.03600 | 7644 | 167098 | 2713 | 20673 | 245 | 1300 | 854 | 8499 | 47198 | 121172 | 9686 | 17973 | 587 | 1153 | 2637 | 7684 | 4889 | 93688 | 1913 | 12010 | 177 | 752 | 654 | 5217 | 28458 | 71080 | 5416 | 10664 | 288 | 680 | 1615 | 4784 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2018 | Professor | 191913.28 | 217.68 | 0.03670 | 7880 | 151375 | 2779 | 19601 | 248 | 1256 | 800 | 7181 | 43565 | 113027 | 8718 | 17047 | 567 | 1099 | 1727 | 3511 | 5109 | 87380 | 2003 | 11605 | 185 | 740 | 630 | 4496 | 26489 | 68743 | 5078 | 10288 | 286 | 652 | 1125 | 2415 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2017 | Professor | 185116.23 | 227.13 | 0.03690 | 8164 | 131909 | 2989 | 18616 | 262 | 1203 | 838 | 3607 | 35341 | 100244 | 6583 | 16323 | 555 | 1064 | 987 | 3448 | 5425 | 78517 | 2192 | 11166 | 202 | 711 | 659 | 2493 | 22620 | 62168 | 3835 | 9976 | 294 | 647 | 685 | 2395 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2016 | Professor | 178534.82 | 227.15 | -- | 8894 | 124282 | 3361 | 17948 | 279 | 1150 | 936 | 6033 | | | | | | | | | 5950 | 74361 | 2461 | 10916 | 211 | 697 | 735 | 3893 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2014 | Professor | 165246.42 | 174.72 | 0.03070 | 10735 | 111510 | 3658 | 16375 | 272 | 1063 | 1025 | 4781 | 40199 | 82722 | 8513 | 14453 | 497 | 947 | 2059 | 4180 | 7366 | 70562 | 2704 | 10173 | 214 | 656 | 812 | 3107 | 26438 | 53840 | 5281 | 9164 | 256 | 603 | 1375 | 2777 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2013 | Professor / Associate Professor | 160328.55 | 174.72 | 0.03400 | 11435 | 97944 | 3730 | 15650 | 293 | 1032 | 1 | 3 | 26224 | 74097 | 7214 | 12660 | 495 | 929 | 2 | 3 | 7997 | 62824 | 2769 | 9811 | 233 | 648 | 1 | 3 | 17744 | 47910 | 4552 | 8124 | 285 | 597 | 2 | 3 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2012 | Professor / Associate Professor | 155056.80 | 174.72 | 0.07020 | 11738 | 88687 | 3816 | 14716 | 312 | 1015 | 1 | 3 | 11190 | 67151 | 2583 | 12653 | 166 | 903 | 1 | 3 | 8151 | 56412 | 2840 | 9368 | 244 | 646 | 1 | 2 | 7867 | 43737 | 1616 | 8275 | 103 | 593 | 1 | 2 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2011 | Professor / Associate Professor | 144891.70 | 194.04 | 0.08220 | 14185 | 79586 | 4642 | 13820 | 375 | 967 | 1 | 2 | 7818 | 59927 | 2017 | 11934 | 118 | 866 | 1 | 2 | 10008 | 51239 | 3438 | 8983 | 290 | 630 | 1 | 1 | 5577 | 39945 | 1314 | 7956 | 74 | 580 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2010 | Professor / Associate Professor | 133882.44 | 213.36 | 0.06220 | 18276 | 71571 | 5607 | 12853 | 470 | 928 | 1 | 2 | 10936 | 52975 | 2947 | 10948 | 244 | 824 | 1 | 2 | 13024 | 47067 | 4110 | 8512 | 351 | 620 | 1 | 1 | 7767 | 35241 | 2013 | 7427 | 151 | 562 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2009 | Associate Professor | 126048.16 | 233.79 | 0.06490 | 21759 | 64132 | 6173 | 11908 | 491 | 883 | 716 | 2250 | 13916 | 44977 | 3030 | 9229 | 270 | 748 | 551 | 1628 | 15542 | 42354 | 4495 | 8024 | 356 | 600 | 476 | 1446 | 9617 | 30662 | 2072 | 6317 | 159 | 518 | 351 | 1052 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2008 | Associate Professor | 118361.58 | 271.55 | 0.07620 | 23826 | 53802 | 6408 | 10472 | 500 | 793 | 765 | 1814 | 9374 | 34827 | 1931 | 8279 | 182 | 645 | 279 | 1261 | 17055 | 36275 | 4679 | 7187 | 362 | 551 | 522 | 1171 | 6514 | 24174 | 1387 | 5886 | 100 | 453 | 208 | 845 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2007 | Associate Professor | 109977.84 | 283.70 | 0.08120 | 26926 | 42760 | 7167 | 9417 | 563 | 733 | 930 | 1521 | 6849 | 28149 | 2168 | 6925 | 132 | 575 | 379 | 865 | 19354 | 29572 | 5213 | 6601 | 410 | 515 | 620 | 1000 | 5118 | 20214 | 1588 | 5060 | 77 | 423 | 264 | 618 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2006 | Associate Professor | 101722.44 | 293.20 | -- | 31425 | 34108 | 7520 | 7867 | 590 | 625 | 1006 | 1087 | | | | | | | | | 22052 | 23859 | 5426 | 5643 | 429 | 456 | 698 | 749 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
YEAR | POSITION | SALARY | BENEFITS | RAISE | SalaryTotalRank | SalaryTotalOutOf | SalaryCategoryRank | SalaryCategoryOutOf | SalaryEmployerRank | SalaryEmployerOutOf | SalaryPositionRank | SalaryPositionOutOf | RaiseTotalRank | RaiseTotalOutOf | RaiseCategoryRank | RaiseCategoryOutOf | RaiseEmployerRank | RaiseEmployerOutOf | RaisePositionRank | RaisePositionOutOf | SalaryGenderTotalRank | SalaryGenderTotalOutOf | SalaryGenderCategoryRank | SalaryGenderCategoryOutOf | SalaryGenderEmployerRank | SalaryGenderEmployerOutOf | SalaryGenderPositionRank | SalaryGenderPositionOutOf | RaiseGenderTotalRank | RaiseGenderTotalOutOf | RaiseGenderCategoryRank | RaiseGenderCategoryOutOf | RaiseGenderEmployerRank | RaiseGenderEmployerOutOf | RaiseGenderPositionRank | RaiseGenderPositionOutOf | MostRecentPositionId | EmployerId | CategoryId | CATEGORY | POSITION_URL |
2024 | Professor | 219570.84 | 517.20 | 0.02650 | 10530 | 377666 | 3993 | 29163 | 286 | 1818 | 1115 | 9820 | 175758 | 252117 | 16654 | 23232 | 976 | 1427 | 4033 | 8635 | 6622 | 166846 | 2667 | 15520 | 204 | 995 | 824 | 5753 | 79393 | 115815 | 8999 | 12792 | 419 | 802 | 2445 | 5132 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2023 | Professor | 213901.51 | 501.36 | -0.03340 | 9654 | 300570 | 3473 | 26232 | 286 | 1661 | 964 | 9537 | 202421 | 222398 | 19517 | 21153 | 1283 | 1390 | 7562 | 7920 | 6053 | 138237 | 2338 | 14306 | 202 | 920 | 734 | 5649 | 94018 | 106323 | 10963 | 11871 | 627 | 787 | 4556 | 4783 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2022 | Professor | 221301.64 | 449.20 | 0.02990 | 6648 | 266903 | 2146 | 24067 | 201 | 1536 | 535 | 8165 | 85261 | 206301 | 10149 | 19316 | 723 | 1316 | 2586 | 7188 | 4140 | 125191 | 1472 | 13356 | 142 | 852 | 415 | 4932 | 46197 | 100813 | 5626 | 11018 | 326 | 743 | 1516 | 4362 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2021 | Professor | 214881.64 | 392.40 | 0.04620 | 6783 | 244390 | 2231 | 23096 | 209 | 1437 | 603 | 8091 | 43349 | 172444 | 6287 | 20236 | 408 | 1283 | 1293 | 7390 | 4209 | 117238 | 1536 | 13028 | 146 | 802 | 467 | 4912 | 25095 | 91662 | 3356 | 11649 | 207 | 738 | 772 | 4561 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2020 | Professor | 205388.77 | 347.95 | 0.03300 | 7559 | 205606 | 2578 | 22020 | 234 | 1425 | 715 | 7856 | 69961 | 142554 | 9838 | 19085 | 752 | 1192 | 3138 | 6972 | 4784 | 105147 | 1785 | 12555 | 159 | 807 | 551 | 4804 | 39164 | 81615 | 5395 | 11150 | 335 | 694 | 1876 | 4321 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2019 | Professor | 198831.23 | 272.16 | 0.03600 | 7644 | 167098 | 2713 | 20673 | 245 | 1300 | 854 | 8499 | 47198 | 121172 | 9686 | 17973 | 587 | 1153 | 2637 | 7684 | 4889 | 93688 | 1913 | 12010 | 177 | 752 | 654 | 5217 | 28458 | 71080 | 5416 | 10664 | 288 | 680 | 1615 | 4784 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2018 | Professor | 191913.28 | 217.68 | 0.03670 | 7880 | 151375 | 2779 | 19601 | 248 | 1256 | 800 | 7181 | 43565 | 113027 | 8718 | 17047 | 567 | 1099 | 1727 | 3511 | 5109 | 87380 | 2003 | 11605 | 185 | 740 | 630 | 4496 | 26489 | 68743 | 5078 | 10288 | 286 | 652 | 1125 | 2415 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2017 | Professor | 185116.23 | 227.13 | 0.03690 | 8164 | 131909 | 2989 | 18616 | 262 | 1203 | 838 | 3607 | 35341 | 100244 | 6583 | 16323 | 555 | 1064 | 987 | 3448 | 5425 | 78517 | 2192 | 11166 | 202 | 711 | 659 | 2493 | 22620 | 62168 | 3835 | 9976 | 294 | 647 | 685 | 2395 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2016 | Professor | 178534.82 | 227.15 | -- | 8894 | 124282 | 3361 | 17948 | 279 | 1150 | 936 | 6033 | | | | | | | | | 5950 | 74361 | 2461 | 10916 | 211 | 697 | 735 | 3893 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2014 | Professor | 165246.42 | 174.72 | 0.03070 | 10735 | 111510 | 3658 | 16375 | 272 | 1063 | 1025 | 4781 | 40199 | 82722 | 8513 | 14453 | 497 | 947 | 2059 | 4180 | 7366 | 70562 | 2704 | 10173 | 214 | 656 | 812 | 3107 | 26438 | 53840 | 5281 | 9164 | 256 | 603 | 1375 | 2777 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor |
2013 | Professor / Associate Professor | 160328.55 | 174.72 | 0.03400 | 11435 | 97944 | 3730 | 15650 | 293 | 1032 | 1 | 3 | 26224 | 74097 | 7214 | 12660 | 495 | 929 | 2 | 3 | 7997 | 62824 | 2769 | 9811 | 233 | 648 | 1 | 3 | 17744 | 47910 | 4552 | 8124 | 285 | 597 | 2 | 3 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2012 | Professor / Associate Professor | 155056.80 | 174.72 | 0.07020 | 11738 | 88687 | 3816 | 14716 | 312 | 1015 | 1 | 3 | 11190 | 67151 | 2583 | 12653 | 166 | 903 | 1 | 3 | 8151 | 56412 | 2840 | 9368 | 244 | 646 | 1 | 2 | 7867 | 43737 | 1616 | 8275 | 103 | 593 | 1 | 2 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2011 | Professor / Associate Professor | 144891.70 | 194.04 | 0.08220 | 14185 | 79586 | 4642 | 13820 | 375 | 967 | 1 | 2 | 7818 | 59927 | 2017 | 11934 | 118 | 866 | 1 | 2 | 10008 | 51239 | 3438 | 8983 | 290 | 630 | 1 | 1 | 5577 | 39945 | 1314 | 7956 | 74 | 580 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2010 | Professor / Associate Professor | 133882.44 | 213.36 | 0.06220 | 18276 | 71571 | 5607 | 12853 | 470 | 928 | 1 | 2 | 10936 | 52975 | 2947 | 10948 | 244 | 824 | 1 | 2 | 13024 | 47067 | 4110 | 8512 | 351 | 620 | 1 | 1 | 7767 | 35241 | 2013 | 7427 | 151 | 562 | 1 | 1 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | professor-associate-professor |
2009 | Associate Professor | 126048.16 | 233.79 | 0.06490 | 21759 | 64132 | 6173 | 11908 | 491 | 883 | 716 | 2250 | 13916 | 44977 | 3030 | 9229 | 270 | 748 | 551 | 1628 | 15542 | 42354 | 4495 | 8024 | 356 | 600 | 476 | 1446 | 9617 | 30662 | 2072 | 6317 | 159 | 518 | 351 | 1052 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2008 | Associate Professor | 118361.58 | 271.55 | 0.07620 | 23826 | 53802 | 6408 | 10472 | 500 | 793 | 765 | 1814 | 9374 | 34827 | 1931 | 8279 | 182 | 645 | 279 | 1261 | 17055 | 36275 | 4679 | 7187 | 362 | 551 | 522 | 1171 | 6514 | 24174 | 1387 | 5886 | 100 | 453 | 208 | 845 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2007 | Associate Professor | 109977.84 | 283.70 | 0.08120 | 26926 | 42760 | 7167 | 9417 | 563 | 733 | 930 | 1521 | 6849 | 28149 | 2168 | 6925 | 132 | 575 | 379 | 865 | 19354 | 29572 | 5213 | 6601 | 410 | 515 | 620 | 1000 | 5118 | 20214 | 1588 | 5060 | 77 | 423 | 264 | 618 | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
2006 | Associate Professor | 101722.44 | 293.20 | -- | 31425 | 34108 | 7520 | 7867 | 590 | 625 | 1006 | 1087 | | | | | | | | | 22052 | 23859 | 5426 | 5643 | 429 | 456 | 698 | 749 | | | | | | | | | 192989 | 12982 | 54 | Universities | associate-professor |
Highest Earners from Same Employer
EMPLOYER: McMaster University
Since 1996, there have been no other people on the Sunshine List from this employer other than
Highest Earners with Same Position
POSITION: Professor
Since 1996, there have been no other people on the Sunshine List with this position other than